Offset Lithography

Offset Lithography

http://www.cutcnccam.com/article-show-2011127947124.shtml
By far the most important and versatile printing process today is offset lithography. The underlying principles were established at the end of the 18th century. It was discovered that a wet limestone surface would repel an oil-based printing ink but if an image was drawn on the surface with a grease pencil it would repel water and attract ink. Thus, any drawing on the stone surface could be reproduced by bringing a damp sheet of paper into contact with the freshly inked image. This cycle could be repeated several hundred times before the drawing could no longer be faithfully reproduced. Then, in the early part of the 20th century, it was discovered that ink could be transferred from the lithographic surface to an intermediate rubber surface and then to paper. The rubber intermediate, called a blanket, can transfer ink to paper and to a wide variety of materials that cannot be printed directly, including plastics and metals. Because the soft blanket conforms to the texture of the surface to be printed, lithographic image quality is unrivalled.
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